The cornea is the clear front part of the eye which acts like the windshield. It protects the insides of the eye and yet allows for a clear area for light to pass through. Corneal dystrophy is a disease of the cornea in which white opaque mineral (cholesterol or calcium) is deposited in the cornea. Corneal dystrophy might affect one or both eyes. The size, shape, and density of the dystrophic area are variable. Corneal dystrophy can occur in any age dog. Corneal mineralization can occur in three instances:
- The disease may be genetic. Breeds affected include Shetland Sheepdog, Siberian Husky, Beagle, American Cocker Spaniel, Miniature Schnauzer, and Airedale.
- Corneal mineralization may occur in dogs with high levels of cholesterol or calcium in the blood.
- Mineral can also be deposited in areas of the cornea that may have suffered a traumatic incident.
- Although the corneal dystrophic lesions may be highly visible, in most cases they rarely progress to cause blindness. In general, corneal dystrophies do not respond to topical treatment (eye drops). The lesions can, in some cases, be removed by superficial keratectomy, a surgery in which the outer layer of the cornea is removed. The mineral may recur at the site of the surgery, however.
Animals affected with corneal dystrophy usually have no discomfort. Sometimes, however, corneal ulcers may occur over the mineral. Signs of corneal ulceration include increased redness and tearing of the eye, and squinting. If these signs occur, contact your veterinary ophthalmologist.
If you have any questions about Corneal Dystrophy, please do not hesitate to call us at Eye Care for Animals.
